Suspect/Foil Identification in Actual Crimes and in the Laboratory: A Reality Monitoring Analysis

Four reality monitoring variables were used to discriminate suspect from foil identifications in 183 actual criminal cases. Four hundred sixty-one identification attempts based on five and six-person lineups were analyzed. These identification attempts resulted in 238 suspect identifications and 68 foil identifications. Confidence, automatic processing, eliminative processing and feature use comprised the set of reality monitoring variables. Thirty-five verbal confidence phrases taken from police reports were assigned numerical values on a 10-point confidence scale. Automatic processing identifications were those that occurred “immediately” or “without hesitation.” Eliminative processing identifications occurred when witnesses compared or eliminated persons in the lineups. Confidence, automatic processing and eliminative processing were significant predictors, but feature use was not. Confidence was the most effective discriminator. In cases that involved substantial evidence extrinsic to the identification 43% of the suspect identifications were made with high confidence, whereas only 10% of the foil identifications were made with high confidence. The results of a laboratory study using the same predictors generally paralleled the archival results. Forensic implications are discussed.     

"补课论"的失足

本文认为,所谓"补资本主义的课",不仅是一种严重脱离群众、脱离实际的幻想,更是一种历史的倒退和历史的反动.     

Higher education facing the challenges of the information age

It is claimed that traditional higher education has become obsolete. It was justified as long as knowledge was concentrated in the hands of a few experts and in not-easily accessed libraries. However today, the three pillars of higher education - the production of new knowledge, teaching, and the preservation of knowledge - can easily be and more efficiently replaced by electronic means. One can learn whatever and wherever one wants. This can make the diffusion of knowledge far more affordable, more democratic, and less elitist. However, there are a number of social, psychological and societal factors that need to be taken into consideration, serving as counter-forces to the rush to provide electronic replacements to higher education. These factors cast strong doubts on the true value and efficacy of virtual higher education. The solution may lie neither in the wholesale abolishment of institutions of higher education nor in ignoring the opportunities afforded by novel information technologies, but rather in pursuing differentiation between virtual universities and regular ones such that each will excel in its own way. Similarly, we will have to think of differentiation within our institutions so that we come to harvest the new technological opportunities to improve existing higher education. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

盗窃虚拟财产的刑法规制

当前,虚拟财产的被盗现象比较普遍,由于刑法中对其规定的空白,导致了这种纠纷得不到及时有效的解决,一定程度上已经影响到了人们的学习、工作和生活。应当从盗窃虚拟财产国内外的立法现状入手,吸取国外的先进立法经验,弥补我国法律的空白的同时,在立法途径和司法途径两个层面做出具体完善,维护法律的统一性。     

赛伯空间中的主体技术和性/性别政治

作为一种媒体,技术和网络本身并非是一种简单的信息载体,它实际上决定了某些社会内容,并正在创造新的体验和知识。本文通过一些具体事例,从性和性别的视角切入,分析网络技术特性对于性别平等历程中的反本质主义和社会性别主流化的影响和意义。     

再谈“虚拟”与“侦查”

“侦查虚拟化”、“虚拟侦查”是伴随智能犯罪高发、计算机技术应用于侦查而来的新名词．这一新概念的提出引发了作者的思考：究竞何谓虚拟化？虚拟化这个概念在侦查中的应用是否得当？是否会带来新的问题？从“虚拟”一词的本源词义入手，对当前学界中的“侦查虚拟化”等观点进行详细解读．有助于揭去“虚拟化”的神秘面纱。     

中国特色社会主义：回归现实，走向科学

在回归现实中不断创新发展，使科学社会主义基本原则与中国国情相结合、与时代发展同进步、与人民群众共命运，实现马克思主义中国化，是中国特色社会主义的基本特征。     

以人为本：马克思政治思想的核心

马克思认为，政治是人实现自身利益的工具；无产阶级只有掌握了社会生产力和社会的经济基础，才能取得和巩固社会主义国家政权，实现自己所肩负的解放全人类的历史使命。以人为本是社会主义政治的核心意蕴，是马克思政治思想的核心原则。     

网络言语暴力及其种类分析

网络使网民能够直接参与社会问题的讨论,增强了网民的话语权,但同时也带来了一系列问题,网络言语暴力即其中之一。网络言语暴力带来的精神伤害具有隐藏性、长期性,其危害绝不比体罚小,并且极易引发现实社会问题。虽然网络言语暴力的发生不可预见,但是可以通过分析网络言语暴力的各种表现,揭露其产生的轨迹与规律,从而为杜绝和预防网络言语暴力的发生或将其危害控制在一定范围内提供帮助。     

关于东北老工业基地质变为新型产业基地的现实论证

东北老工业基地质变为新型产业基地，已经成为国家战略投放的实施主旨和区域目标，这也是民心所向和大势所趋。东北区域不仅具有促进老工业基地质变为新型产业基地的综合优势，而且目前已经初步展示了老工业基地质变为新型产业基地的现实价值，同时又在这一进程中暴露出了老工业基地质变为新型产业基地的制约因素，所以需要有针对性地采取正确而又科学的对策：解放思想转变观念，改革行政管理模式；完善市场运行体制，强化资源配置功能；调整主体产业结构，增强产业集群优势；冲破地区保护屏障，造就市场利益关系；发展高新技术产业，提升国际竞争能力。只有这样，才能推动东北老工业基地在振兴进程中逐步达到新型产业基地的理想境界。